A Brief Codebook for the Tratte Data File.


SERSeries.
 05     -Tre maggiori (1282-1532--c. 82,000 records).
 06     -Guild elections (for 1393-1421, 1429-1444, 1465-1474, 1480-1498--c. 63,000 records).
 10     -Birth registrations (beginning in 1429--c. 21,000 records).
RNUMThe Register Number in the Florentine Archivio di Stato. (Note that the following numerical variables are 'alphanumeric' and have to be entered with a 'leading zero' (1=01): SER, RNUM, PAGE, DDRAW, MDRAW, YDRAW, QUAR, TPURS, DPURS, OFFICE, TELEC, RDRAW.)
PAGEThe Page or folio number.
DDRAWThe Day of the drawing (99=unknown).
 Tre maggiori and Guild elections:
 Before 1343 the day of drawing for the Signoria was reported conventionally as the 15th day of the month, the day the term began. From 1343 to the end of the series, the DDRAW was the day the office holder was drawn for office as stated in the Giornali if the Tratte, except that in records taken from the Priorista di Palazzo (which reported the day the term began) the DDRAW has been standardized to the 28th day of the month before the individual entered office to make these records consistent with the Giornali practice (See the Historical Overview). The Guild elections follow the practice for the Signoria after 1343.
 Births: DDRAW is the day of birth. When the individual stated his age rather than a birth date the birth date was estimated by subtracting the age from the year of registration (DPURS). In these c. 1000 records the DDRAW has the value 88 and the MDRAW (here month of birth) is the stated age. (There was age rounding, 45 being the favorite stated age.)
MDRAWThe Month of drawing.
 Tre maggiori and Guild elections: Note that from 1343 onward the month of entering office for the Signoria and Gonfalonieri (who now entered office the first week of the month) was the month after the month of drawing (Buonuomini, however, entered office the 15th day of the month they were drawn--see Historical Overview).
 Births: MDRAW is the month of birth. When the individual stated his age it is the stated age.
YDRAWThe Year of drawing.
 Tre maggiori and Guild elections: Note that most office holders selected in December actually entered office in January of the following year. (Years were standardized to the modern practice of beginning the year on 1 January.)
 Births: YDRAW is the stated or estimated year of birth (standardized when possible to modern reckoning).
QUARThe Quarter or Gonfalone. Before 1343 Florence was districted into Sestieri; after 1343 into Quartieri and Gonfaloni. In the Guild elections no quarter was reported and all the QUAR values are '99'.
 Sestieri:
 01=Oltrarno
 02=S. Piero Scheraggio
 03=S. Trinita
 04=S. Pancrazio
 05=Porta del Duomo
 06=S. Piero Maggiore
 Quartieri and Gonfaloni:
 10=S. Spirito (11=Scala, 12=Nicchio, 13=Ferza, 14=Drago).
 20=S. Croce (21=Carro, 22=Bue, 23=Leon Nero, 24=Ruote).
 30=S. Maria Novella (31=Vipera, 32=Unicorno, 33=Leon Rosso, 34=Leon Bianco).
 40=S. Giovanni (41=Leon d'Oro, 42=Drago, 43=Chiavi, 44=Vaio)
TPURSThe Type of purse. (See Distribution of offices in the Historical Overview.)
  Tre Maggiori--In general:
99=The type of purse was not specified, or it was the general purse reflecting the Major Guilds.
03=The purse of artisans (Minor Guilds). (Note however that the distinction beween major and minor guilds was generally not reported before 1404--See Historical Overview.)
 
(1343)
As above, except:
04="Grandi"
 
(ca. 1345-55) (See Historical Overview.)
As above, except:
13="Borsa Vecchia"
19="Borsa dei Morti"
91="Borsa Nuova"
(The Borse in these years were not systematically reported in the Giornali.)
 
(1378--the "Ciompi" revolt)
As above, except:
05="Arti Maggiori"
06="Popolo di Dio" (unorganized trades)
 
(For priors 1404-1495)
As above, except:
01=The general purse reflecting the Major Guilds.
02=The "special purse" ("borsellino"). (See Electoral Controls in the Historical Overview.)
  Guild elections--In general:
99=Not specified, or a purse reflecting the major guilds.
03=A purse reflecting the minor guilds
(Mercanzia--OFFICE=06): The TPURS code is the code for the guild represented. (Representatives of five major guilds were always present; the sixth member of the court was drawn at random from Arte dei Vaiai e Pellicciai and the minor guilds.) (Arte della Lana--OFFICE=24): The TPURS codes reflect the four 'convents' of the Arte della Lana. 05=S. Pancrazio, 10=Oltrarno, 68=S. Martino, 64=S. Pier Scheraggio. Two consuls were selected from each 'convent'. (Arte della Seta--OFFICE=25): 01=Setaiuoli, 02=Ritagliatori, 04=Fondaci. Two consuls were selected from each group. (Arte dei Linaiuoli e Rigattieri--OFFICE=31): 01=Rigattieri, 02=Linaiuoli. Two consuls were selected from each group.
  Births: All the values for TPURS are '00'.
DPURSThe Date of Purse: the date when the Borsa was composed (see Historical Overview). (9999=Date unknown.)
 Tre maggiori: When dates such as '3448' appear it means that two purses had been combined, in this case the Borse of 1434 and 1448. (The DPURS is not available before 1343 or after 1495 [the few DPURS dates in Tratte 608 for 1512-32 are dates of birth]; between 1343 and 1495 it is available for only about 60 per cent of the records.)
 Guild elections: The dates of purses were obscure and have not been systematically edited. When values such as '5809' appear, the year and month is indicated (November 1458?); however the order of reporting the year and month was sometimes reversed.
 Births: DPURS is the year of registration. In Tratte 115 and Tratte 79 the year of registration was assumed to be 1429 unless the individual was born after 1429.
OFFICEThe Office:
 Tre maggiori.
 01=Gonfaloniere di Giustizia
 02=Notaio of the Signoria
 08=Priori
 12=Buonuomini
 16=Gonfalonieri di Compagnia
 (89=Knights created 1378-82; 99=Uncertain, or "Grandi fatti popolani" [RDRAW=71]; "Popolani fatti grandi" [RDRAW=81] in 1378-82 -- See Note on Coding and Editing.)
 Guild elections: 06=Mercanzia, Major guilds: 21=Arte dei Giudici e notai (note that only one election for the Giudici e Notai (in 1393) was recorded in the Mercanzia registers [because the Giudici e Notai were not elected magistrates of the court]), 22=Mercatanti, 23=Cambio, 24=Lana, 25=Seta, 26=Medici e Speziali, 27=Vaiai e Pellicciai, Minor guilds: 28=Beccai, 29=Calzolai, 30=Fabbri, 31=Linaiuoli e Rigattieri, 32=Maestri di Pietra e Legname, 33=Vinattieri, 34=Albergatori, 35=Oliandoli e Pizzicagnoli, 36=Cuoiai e Galigai, 37=Coreggiai, 38=Corazzai e Spadai, 39=Chiavaioli, 40=Legnaioli, 41=Fornai.
 Births: All the values for OFFICE are '00'.
TELECThe type of election.
 Tre maggiori and Guild elections:
 5=a regular election.
 6=a special election or an election beyond the usual beginning of the term (may also indicate an individual chosen to replace another).
 1=an individual who did not complete his term (he may have died).
 2=an individual specified to have replaced another who had not completed his term. (In some instances where it was impossible to ascertain who had replaced who TELEC was left as '5' or '6'.)
 8=an election through the Consiglio Maggiore (1495-1512).
 9=a blank record. (see Note on Coding and Editing.)
 Births: All the values for TELEC are '0'.
RDRAWThe results of the drawing.
 Tre maggiori and Guild elections: (The following are the most common codes; for the others refer to the pull-down list of RDRAW codes.)
 01=elected.
 02=rejected under the general Divieto. (This usually indicated that the individual had held office too recently or currently held another office. Most names with the general Divieto were not included in the file. (See Note on Coding and Editing.)
 04=Absent from city.
 05=A minor under the age required for the office. (40 for the Gonfaloniere di Giustizia; 30 for other offices.)
 09=Dead. The individual had died since his name was put into the purse.
 43=In "Speculo". This generally meant that the individual was in tax arrears and was thus not eligible for office, but it might also have had other as yet uncertain meanings.
 In some periods other codes appear frequently. For instance, in 1494-1495, when the Tratta of office holders was suspended and elections began through the Consiglio Maggiore, the codes '51' and '53' mean that the individual was an elector (or absent elector) of the Consiglio Maggiore, and thus not eligible for office.
Names:
SURNAM1The surname of the individual. (See List of Surnames appearing in the Tratte data file and Note on Names. Surnames retaining particles are spelled as one word (DEL GARBO=DELGARBO). In all the name variables, and in OCNAME and ORIGIN, names are truncated after eleven characters.)
SURNAM2 A second part of the surname (rarely used).
COM1Comment on the first name of the individual. The same codes are used for NAME2, NAME3, and NAME4
 0=No comment.
 21=Title of 'Ser' (indicates a notary).
 32=Title of 'Maestro'
 99=Title of 'Messire'
 03=Very occasionally used in comments on patronymics for a name thought to be a nickname.
NAME1The first name of the individual
COM2Comment on the first patronymic (as above). (In the Birth records, when an individual was ascertainably age 20 or younger (an arbitrary age) at the time of registration, and an occupation was reported, the occupation was assumed to be that of the father. The OCSTAT code is reported as COM2, the value for COM4 is '5', and the OCNAME is reported as SURNAM2.)
NAME2The first patronymic.
COM3Comment on the second patronymic (as above).
NAME3The second patronymic (when present).
COM4Comment on the third patronymic (as above).
NAME4The third patronymic (when present).
Occupations and Places of Origin:
OCNAMEThe name of the occupation of the individual (when reported).
OCSTATThe numerical code assigned to the occupation.
 (David Herlihy used the same occupation codes for the Tratte as he had used for the Catasto of 1427. His coding scheme, which we followed, tended to group the major occupation found in a guild to the code he also used for guilds in the guild elections; other occupations were coded distinctly using the higher numbers. See List of Occupations.) Note that overall only about 14 per cent of records list an occupation.  But at an individual level you can do better than that since some records for an individual may list an occupation, while others do not, and if the individual participated in guild elections the guild involved provides a rough indication of occupation.
 Arti maggiori:
 21-Giudici e Notai=code 21 [Lawyers(=also code 99) and notaries]; 22-Calimala (Mercantanti) [Great merchants]; 23-Cambio [Money changers]; 24-Lana [Wool]; 25-Seta (Por S. Maria) [Silk]; 26-Medici e Speziali [Doctors and Apothecaries]; 27-Vaiai e Pellicciai [Furriers].
 Arti minori:
 28-Beccai [Butchers]; 29-Calzolai [Shoemakers]; 30-Fabbri [Blacksmiths--also code 57]; 31-Linaiuoli e Rigattieri [Linen drapers and used clothes dealers]; 32-Maestri di Pietro e Legname [Builders](few cases, see also code 54); 33-Vinattieri [Wine sellers]; 34-Albergatori [Innkeepers]; 35-Oliandoli e Pizzicagnoli [Oil and wax dealers and Sausage-and-cheese sellers=also code 47]; 36-Cuoiai e Galigai [Leather workers](see also code 78); 37-Correggiai [Belt makers]; 38-Corrazzai e Spadai=code 94 [Armorers; sword-makers=also code 94]; 39-Chiavaioli [Locksmiths]; 40-Legnaioli [Carpenters]; 41-Fornai [Bakers].
 He assigned the remaining codes to distinct occupations for which the guild affiliation was combined with others or was not always certain:
 42-mugnaio [Miller]; 43-tintore [Dyer]; 44-barbiere [Barber]; 45-scardassiere [Wool carder]; 47-pizzicagnolo, cacciaiuolo [Sausage-and-cheese seller]; 48-bottaio, barattolaio, barlattaio [Cooper]; 49-orafo, aurifex [Goldsmith]; 51-scodellaio, stovigliaio, fiaschiaio, orciolaio, bicchieraio [Dish makers]; 52-merciaio [Mercer]; 53-purgatore [Bleacher]; 54-muratore, lastraiolo, scarpellatore [Stone workers]; 55-bastiere, brigliaio, sellaio, speranaio, bastaio, gainaio [Saddlers]; 56-cartolaio, cartaio [Stationer]; 57-maniscalco [Blacksmith]; 58-farsettaio [Doublet maker]; 59-fornaciaio, stufaiolo [Kiln operator]; 60-reveditore [Wool cloth finisher]; 61-pettinatore, carditore, scegliatore di lana, apennichino [Wool carders]; 62-cimatore [Wool cloth shearer]; 63-borsaio [Purse maker]; 65-piannellaio [Slipper maker]; 66-pesatore, staderaio, bilanciaio [Weigher]; 67-sarto, ritagliatore [Tailor; cloth cutter]; 68-guarnaio [Cloak maker]; 70-prete (Priest); 73-cuoaio [Leather worker]; 74-cappellaio [Hatter]; 75-ottonaio, stagaio, salderaio [Brass or Tinsmiths]; 76-ferratore, ferravecchio [Iron worker]; 78-conciatore di pella, pelacane [Tanners]; 80-stamaiuolo, filatoiaio [Spinners]; 81-pezzaio [Leather cutter]; 84-lavandaio [Cloth washer]; 85-coltellaio, forbiciaio [Cutler, scissor maker]; 87-remendatore, ricamatore, refaiuolo [Sewers of wool cloth]; 89-cavaliere [Knight]; 91-tiratore [Wool cloth stretcher]; 92-materassaio, coltriciaio, pagliaiuolo [Mattress makers]; 94-spadaio [Sword maker]; 95-dipintore, miniatore [Painters]; 96-biadaiuolo [Grain or fodder dealer]; 97-cordatore, funaiuolo, saccaio [Rope and sack makers]; 99-giudice [Judge]; (Added: 17-pesciaiuolo [Fishmonger], 18-fondacaio [Warehouse keeper], 19-[Miscellaneous trades not covered above]).
ORIGINThe place of origin recorded for the individual (when reported).
RECKEYA unique ID number for each record.